Terrorism and Political Violence-Free-Samples -Myassignmenthelp

Question: How has Political Violence Changed through History? Answer: Presentation Legislative issues has been identified with savagery since days of yore. Numerous realms have been set up based on political purposeful publicity which contained essential element of brutality. Political viciousness essentially rotates around taking up arms for political additions and to remain in power. It is the most flawless and tried instrument to build up political prevalence. In the accompanying exposition conversation on the changing attributes of political viciousness show history will be done (Della Porta, 2014). The changing pattern of political savagery can be seen through the perspective of modernization democratization globalization and last yet not the least based on religion. These insinuations have seen it through the whole advancement of political brutality through time. History has seen numerous wars which were begun because of political reasons yet wound up in incredible condition of viciousness and confusion. Such a significant number of unmistakable instances of political viciousness can be shown by the occasion of Holocaust before Second World War Holy campaigns which depended simply on strict causes and their political purposeful publicity. However, in the cutting edge world the political publicity of savagery has moved to monetary increases from political and authoritative predominance which was the primary explanation of brutality in the medieval period (Lakitsch, 2015).The after article contains the adjustment in the idea of political viciousness and its advancement through the political aspirations of current rulers. The paper conversation likewise contains the advanced meaning of political savagery and the distinction between past plans and the new reasons. The accompanying article is an extensive conversation on political brutality. Modernization Beginning from the medieval time modernization has been a reason for worry for the individuals in power who had unlimited oversight over the assets and the hardware. Modernization or thought and openings made individuals think on current lines and above all about themselves and their general development and advancement (Amodio et al., 2017). This made the industrialists frail as their hang on the individuals began to relax in light of the fact that individuals who were their workers broke the shackles of reinforced work and began to acquire for their own. This caused a political unrest in that time which constrained the entrepreneurs to abuse and smother the modernization of attitude and thoroughly considered the strategy for savagery. During the mechanical upheaval and 10 years after that there were numerous instances of execution and consuming of towns in the whole Europe (Anthony Robison, 2017). This was the immediate impact of modernization which caused political brutality. Moder nization caused upgrade of instructive practices among the individuals who were beforehand uninformed and uneducated about the political framework in which they were living. Instruction gave them the seat at the table which had a place with their Masters (Antonello, 2017). Acknowledgment of the degree of mistreatment brought forth the need of radical change which was done through brutal uprisings. It was an eventual outcome of political brutality which was the underlying driver of these current rebellions. Arrangement of ideological groups and gatherings to battle against the framework offered ascend to the arrangement of brutality from the two sides which were one-sided previously. There were numerous opinions which created in the coming of these occasions, for example, nationalization and secularization (Bauer et al., 2017). Political Violence in Early Twentieth Century As expressed above savagery has consistently been the brainchild of governmental issues and here and there it is a prerequisite to satisfy political aspirations of individuals and of a country taken on the whole. In the mid twentieth century the two world wars which occurred, on account of the enormous political aspirations of amazing countries and there rulers. The explanation of event of the First World War was regional Supremacy and managerial authority over land (Cummings et al. 2017). The measure of savagery which occurred during the hour of First World War was something which was not observer before ever. The results of War are as consistently demolition and turmoil with loss of lives and cash. A few gatherings became triumphant and a few nations what crushed and bound because of the delayed viciousness. The loss of framework and economy for some nations normally made their kin defiant and made another war fast approaching (Diprose, 2017). The impact of political savagery cause d during the First World War brought about the event of the Second World War which was more severe and cruel than the previous one. Brutality makes honest individuals defiant as they are left with no decision at that point to retaliate for their misfortune. To make any revolt effective political base is required to move individuals and to persuade them for the reason. It is exceptionally amusing yet individuals will in general hazard their lives for the political aspirations of hardly any confused pioneers. There are numerous apparatuses with which these political insinuations and instigated in the brains of the majority who get handily allured to the appeal and charm of savagery (Gutirrez-Sann et al., 2017). Political Violence and Its Course through History Brutality has been the reason for worry for the general public since old occasions. There have been changed in patterns in the kinds of brutality in which political savagery is viewed as the most impeding element and the most proficient one to make clamorous circumstances (Bell, 2017). Wars and occasions of viciousness in old history and even in the medieval history arranged in the pages of history for which the reasons were political predominance, control of an area, geological prevalence of land and its assets, ethnic and social decent variety of individuals, desire of the rulers and ambiguous individual reasons. Be that as it may, as the modernization occurred the pattern of political brutality moved from regional incomparability towards monetary and political aspirations which were accept to be progressively practical and implausible then simply having the order over assets (Lynch Argomaniz, 2017).Due to the political viciousness a work in progress of numerous nations in numerous pieces of the world have occurred. However, when the contemporary world is thought about it has been seen that the rates of political viciousness have been diminished since the Second World War. After the virus war these occurrences of political savagery which occurred every once in a while likewise fell pointedly. The whole world is looking towards harmony and strife settling strategies for which numerous International associations have been set up who are the gatekeepers and defenders of harmony and to keep away from and relieve political savagery over the world (McCleery Edwards, 2017).When contrasted with the quantity of occurrences political brutality in antiquated and medieval history it is seen that in the contemporary world the reasons and the quantity of frequencies have changed a considerable amount. In any case, one thing remains normal which is the explanation of financial predominance. In the more established occasions political viciousness was an instrument of rich an d skilled nations who kept up their own Armies to show their strength of influence and their political aspirations (Rak, 2017). Viciousness was done to smother uprisings and Conquer regions. Be that as it may, on the opposite in the contemporary world political brutality has become a device of the debilitated Nations full air conditioning in assets man mounted guns. The principle reasons of viciousness in these nations are the assets of endurance, for example, food water oil and ecological elements. It has been seen that the sort of contentions as well as the quantity of frequencies have declined after the Second World War (Reimann, 2017). Political viciousness occurrences which were named as extra foundational which was initially the savage battles of decolonization turned into a thing of the 1970s. As of late it has been seen that the interstate clashes and its episodes have definitely decreased. On the opposite the quantity of common clashes which turned into a global political viciousness episode has developed since the sad occasion of 9/11. As of late all the political brutality occurrences have been internationalized (Diprose, 2017).Previously political viciousness was executed through intermediary Wars strife traps and different instruments of savagery which were unified and were checked through proficient government organizations. Every one of these reasons were to some degree politically?motivated and had political and financial ramifications (Sageman, 2017). In any cas e, after the finish of cold war time, fear mongering and radicalism has taken the space of more seasoned instruments of political brutality. Psychological oppression for the sake of strict causes had been stylish since most recent two decades which had caused unimaginable death toll and foundation all around the world. Changing Methods and Trends of Political Violence Patterns of political savagery and the kinds of contentions which can be recognized by structures after ideological base and the idea of activation, qualities of fighting and the length of their outside impact have changed with the time(Cummings et al., 2017).Some of these political viciousness execution techniques have been represented beneath which have changed their inclination through history. Intermediary Wars: During the hour of cold war time the eastern and the western nations supported numerous countries in which some battled because of the contentions and had Advisors arms and ammo and assets. These little and enormous nations planned to procure a specific nation to have it on their side. A portion of the models can be found in the wars of Central America, Afghanistan, Mozambique and Vietnam (Della Porta, 2014). Wars in a portion of these nations finished with the virus war yet in nations like Afghanistan political viciousness proceeded and increased its very own state. Intermediary clashes of new assortment appeared as a war against the psychological militant associations. It tends to be exemplified by the US counter uprising o

Causes of Depression in the 1890s

Reasons for Depression during the 1890s Summation This paper gives sharpness into the event of the worldwide wretchedness of the 1890s. It is established on the expressions of Henry Lawson ‘there is no jail like the city for a poor man.’ The early on segment gives a general clarification of the event of the depression.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Causes of Depression during the 1890s explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The foundation data explains the different circumstances that prompted the financial shakiness that brought about an emergency. The remainder of the paper at that point clarifies the particular reasons for the dejections and its consequences for white people. Presentation The 1890s denoted a critical move that caused a delayed time of financial shakiness everywhere throughout the world. The downturn had serious ramifications on the lives of numerous networks internationally. As per Rockoff, business turned into a discernable issue because of the conc lusion of gold mines and enterprises in different pieces of the world, for example, Australia, Canada, and the United States1. Gliding markets and flooding of both neighborhood and fare items changed the patterns of mechanical creation since buyers offered unimaginably low costs in return for products. An assortment of elements prompted the downturn of the 1890s. For the most part, the downturn prompted worldwide exchange and industry unpredictability that broke numerous business interrelationships among countries. Propelled by the downturn, Henry Lawson composed ‘there is no jail like the city for a poor man’. In the light of these words, this paper uncovers the reasons for the downturn during the 1890s and the impacts it had on the white ladies and men. Foundation of the Depression During the last 50% of the nineteenth century, the world experienced a progression of innovative headways that assumed an incredible job to change the manner in which individuals lived. Him melberg discloses that the progression of the whaling business along with the innovation of oil reformed mechanical activities2. This circumstance prompted noteworthy improvements in mining and horticultural enterprises among 1870s and the late 1880s. Nations created solid interrelations with the British and the European states whose money related help empowered the development of industries3.Advertising Looking for article on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The colossal extension of the mining business pulled in numerous individuals. For example, the Chinese individuals moved to Australia to look for openings for work in the gold mines. The revelation of gold brought about the gold rush era that intensified the enthusiasm of different nations in Australia and the United States. Additionally, the farming segment likewise extended. Creation quickened in material businesses, therefore prompting expanded fares to Brit ain, Europe, and different nations that framed tremendous markets for the developing enterprises. Some industrializing nations, particularly Canada, the United States, and Australia increased noteworthy worldwide notoriety subsequent to getting a charge out of social, monetary, and political solidness. By the second from last quarter of1880s, created economies had entered significant business interrelations with these nations. Remote interests in these nations got apparent as outsider forces wandered into the most huge monetary areas. English and European settlements kept on financing mechanical exercises that occurred in Canada, America, and Australia. For the most part, gigantic improvements in mechanical innovation and the gained money related steadiness prompted overproduction. Therefore, send out items overwhelmed global markets. This circumstance mirrored a diminishing interest for the items and a comparable lessening in cost. Evidently, obligation was turning into a risk for industrializing nations. By the beginning of 1890s, the outside obligation had surpassed the benefit base. This circumstance denoted the start of depression4. The British and European states pulled back the money related help they had been offering to help modern creation. Generally, they depleted all their ledgers and requested reimbursement. The financial situation declined to the degree that the account holder countries couldn't reimburse the credits it had acquired from the British and European capitals. What caused the downturn? Reasons for Depression during the 1890s Overdependence on Foreign Capital Although numerous improvements happened during the 1870s and the late 1880s, capital stayed an issue to numerous nations. This circumstance prompted getting across nations to fulfill the capital requests for the developing divisions of the economy. Numerous nations were all the while extending their creation limits. For example, Australia depended intensely on outside capital from the British colonies.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Causes of Depression during the 1890s explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Australian government required cash to extend the gold mines and additionally support the agrarian area. Mining and farming were the primary financial exercises in Australia. They outperformed creation in comparable segments in the United States. To determine money related deficiencies, Australia obtained heavy aggregates from the British states to finance the then progressing modern turns of events. Garrett, Kozak, and Rhine reveal that by 1893, the Australian obligation surpassed its assets5.The government couldn't reimburse the congested obligation to the British. Accordingly, British provinces pulled back their monetary help from Australia. This circumstance didn't just occur in Australia yet in addition in the United States. The United States had lacking funding to set up transport systems and gold stores. Th us, the nation depended intensely on European provinces for capital. The Europeans likewise wandered into the gold ventures. By 1892, they had enormous offers in the gold market. The Europeans set up their own financial frameworks in the United States to ease capital and benefits move. Be that as it may, the circumstance intensified as the United States obligation expanded to the final turning point. It couldn't take care of the credits to the European states. Therefore, the European speculators pulled back the monetary help and began debilitating the gold assets in an offer to have their capital taken care of. By 1893, the United States entered a time of gloom due to overreliance on remote capital. The two conditions prompted the consumption of gold mines in Australia and the United States. As indicated by Himmelberg, the results of draining the gold mines in the two nations prompted genuine miseries that presented frenzy to the propagation of the economies6. Conclusion of gold min es got certain as the two economies fell underneath creation limits. Numerous individuals lost their positions and a few outsiders started to escape back to their own nations while others relocated to different nations to look for jobs. Industrialisation and Overproduction Many nations experienced mechanical change during the 1880s. Effective economies, for example, Europe and Britain overfunded the development of businesses and different advancements in the lesser economies7. This kindness prompted excess of enterprises. Because of mechanical advancement along with outside store, organizations could deal with higher creation limits. The reliance on remote capital encouraged the capacity of building up more manufacturing plants and mine plants. Mining was the most critical division during the provincial time frame. The gold mines in Australia and the United States extended altogether, in this way pulling in progressively remote speculators. The presence of many mining fields prompte d overexploitation of gold in Australia and America.Advertising Searching for paper on history? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Additionally, the unexpected development of the horticultural business prompted the flooding of agrarian items in both the neighborhood and outside business sectors. Ranchers utilized this chance to get huge credits to buy proficient homestead apparatus that could deal with business cultivating obligations. Evidently, ranchers utilized these remote awards to advance their homesteads with composts and harvest assortments. The utilization of cutting edge cultivating strategies in the farming business brought about expanded creation of grains, for example, wheat and maize for both neighborhood utilization and fare markets. So also, the sugar business experienced comparable farming turns of events, with the United States driving in sugar creation. Meat cultivating horticultural ventures overloaded cows. Overloading prompted the antagonistic debasement due to overgrazing. Animals related items additionally overflowed the market. With numerous nations encountering overproduction, numerous items from the enterprises overwhelmed the neighborhood and the global market. This circumstance prompted unimaginably high flexibly of items with less client request. Notwithstanding the expanded creation of horticultural and mine items, nations endured noteworthy misfortunes since both the neighborhood and fare markets were overwhelmed with items. The interest for items fell. This event prompted inconsequential benefits. In 1893, the blasting business unexpectedly fallen, in this manner bringing about an antagonistic depression8. Property Speculation Rainey uncovers that the idea of business relations that existed between nations up to the late 1880s was exceptionally theoretical. The European and British settlements vigorously subsidized interests in territories, for example, United States and Australia with the point of harvesting more benefits consequently. The creation of gold mines persuaded the blasting economies to subsidize helpless economies with predictable advantages. N onetheless, the expectation of benefactor nations didn't appear during the 1890s. The theoretical business prompted daze subsidizing by the European and British settlements without considering the future monetary state

Taking Psychotropic Medications Safely

Taking Psychotropic Medications Safely GAD Treatment Print What You Need to Know to Take Psychotropic Medications Safely Answers to Commonly Asked Questions About Psychotropic Drugs By Deborah R. Glasofer, PhD twitter linkedin Deborah Glasofer, PhD is a professor of clinical psychology and practitioner of cognitive behavioral therapy. Learn about our editorial policy Deborah R. Glasofer, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 28, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on May 05, 2019 TS Photography/Getty Images More in GAD Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Coping If you experience significant, persistent psychological symptoms such as depressed mood, anxiety, mood swings, obsessions and compulsions, dysregulated eating (i.e., binge eating, purging), or disturbed sleep, medication can be a potentially helpful part of your treatment plan. Medications used to treat these and other symptoms, commonly seen across a number of psychiatric diagnoses, are referred to as psychotropic drugs. Psychotropic medications are those that affect your mindâ€"your emotions and your behaviorâ€"typically by altering the balance of the chemicals in your brain called neurotransmitters. Each works uniquely. For anxiety and depression, for example, there are  mechanisms of specific classes of commonly prescribed medications. Medications used to treat the mind tend to fall into one of the following groups:   Antidepressants: used to treat mood, anxiety, and some eating disordersAntipsychotics: used to treat symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations, as well as in the management of mood disordersAnxiolytics: used to treat anxiety and insomniaHypnotics: used to help with sleepMood stabilizers: used to treat bipolar disorder  and other mood symptomsStimulants: used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), sleep disorders and to augment antidepressants Is Medication Right for Me? To determine if a medication might be useful for youâ€"and which oneâ€"the first step is to meet with a clinician for an evaluation of your symptoms. Prepare yourself for a discussion about medication  and other treatment options like psychotherapy, by reviewing these helpful guidelines. Note that medications are sometimes used to treat symptoms or disorders outside the aforementioned categories. For example, antidepressants with sedating effects may be used for sleep and antipsychotics are sometimes helpful for symptoms other than psychosis. If you are confused or concerned about your prescriber’s recommendations, ask questions so that you understand his or her rationale and the treatment plan. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF Who Can Prescribe Medication for Me? Not all mental health clinicians can prescribe medications, and it is those clinicians who can prescribe who will be in the best position to have an in-depth discussion about the relative merits and risks of specific medicines. Psychiatrists are medical doctors who specialize in treating individuals in need of psychotropic drugs. Many psychiatrists provide psychotherapy as well; psychiatrists who primarily treat patients with medications (that is, their patients may participate in talk therapy with another provider, or not at all) are sometimes referred to as psychopharmacologists. Primary care physicians and nurse practitioners (including specialized psychiatric nurse practitioners) also oversee medication treatment in some cases. I’ve Decided to Try Medication to Help With My Symptoms. Now What? As with any other kind of medicine, it is crucial to take psychotropic drugs as prescribed. Depending on the medication, this could be daily or multiple times per day (as is the case for antidepressants and mood stabilizers), or as needed at the onset of symptoms or in situations in which symptoms might occur (as is the case with anxiolytics and hypnotics). Your doctor will review a medication plan with you. The plan might include: When to take the medication (e.g. time of day, before or after meals, etc.)When to increase the dosageHow much to increase the dosageWhen and how to follow up with the prescriberSymptom changes or possible side effects to notify your doctor about as soon as possibleOther medications, foods, or substances to avoid while taking the medication As with any kind of treatment for any kind of medical issue (such as taking an antibiotic for strep throat), it is important to follow your doctor’s instructions for medication use, and to be in touch with your doctor if you would like to deviate from the plan for any reason. What Do I Do if I Experience a Possible Medication Side Effect? All medicines carry a risk of side effects, and psychotropic drugs are no exception. The side effects vary by medication and from person to person. Before starting a new medicine, your doctor will review common and uncommon side effects, and will discuss those that can be serious versus those that can simply be inconvenient or unpleasant. If you experience a side effect, contact your prescriber to discuss how best to proceed. You might be advised to decrease the dose, discontinue the medicine altogether, or to stay the course if the side effect is tolerable. In some cases, side effects may improve or resolve completely in time. What If I Miss a Dose? At the onset of treatment, discuss how you should handle missed doses of the medication you’ve been prescribed, i.e. whether to make up the dose or simply wait until the next scheduled dose. If you are taking a medicine daily (or more), establish a routine that will encourage consistent medication use. Use your environment and your technology to help you remember. Storing your prescription bottle near your toothpaste, for example, might help you remember to take it in the morning and/or at night. Setting an alarm on your Smartphone may facilitate consistent medication use throughout the day. If I’m Feeling Bad, Does That Mean I Should Take More Medication (a Higher Dosage)? If you are advised to take a medication at the onset of symptoms â€" for example, an anxiolytic if you begin to experience symptoms of a panic attackâ€"your physician will recommend a minimum and maximum dosage to take for safe and effective symptom reduction. For other classes of psychotropic drugs, including antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and antipsychotics, it is very important to consult with your prescriber before making any changes to your medication plan. Medications vary in the relationships among dosage, beneficial effects, and adverse or toxic effects.   Your doctor will be able to advise you how best to reap the benefits of the prescribed medication while minimizing the risks of unpleasant or harmful side effects. What Health Behaviors Might I Need to Monitor or Change While on Medication? Alcohol and Recreational Drugs All medicines have the potential of interacting with other substances, including alcohol and recreational drugs. If you are taking a psychotropic medication, it is likely that you will need to alter (i.e., decrease) or discontinue your use of alcohol and other recreational drugs. These medicines can decrease your tolerance, or carry a risk of harmful interaction effects. Alcohol and other drugs in and of themselves are also known to impact mood, anxiety, sleep, eating, etc. Therefore it is also advisable to limit use of these substances in order to best evaluate how much a particular medicine is helping your symptoms. Eating Some psychotropic medications can result in changes in eating behavior and weight. A stable eating patternâ€"three meals plus a few snacks dailyâ€"can help protect against overeating. Let your prescriber know if you experience changes in your eating pattern or appetite, and consider monitoring your weight at regular intervals (perhaps weekly or monthly) in consultation with your clinician. Sleep Sleep is essential for mental and physical wellbeing. Your sleep pattern might change while on a medication not aimed to target sleep as a symptom. If you experience a modest change, you might monitor your sleep over an extended period (perhaps a week or two) using a sleep log and discuss the new pattern with your physician at your next scheduled appointment. Significant changes in sleep may signal a change in other psychological symptoms (for example, more anxiety, lower mood, or elevated mood) and therefore warrant more immediate consultation with your prescriber. How Will I Know If the Medicine Is Helping? By paying attention to changes in the symptoms your medicine was intended to target, you will get a sense of whether or not (and how much) this kind of treatment is helping. If the psychotropic drug is fast-acting, like a stimulant for ADHD or an anxiolytic for a panic attack, you will know relatively quickly by paying attention to your ability to focus (in the case of ADHD) or to relax (in the case of a panic attack). For the medicines that are slower-acting, like antidepressants and mood stabilizers, you may not appreciate an improvement in symptoms for days or weeks after you first achieve a therapeutic dosage. In some cases, it may be your trusted friends and family who notice a change in you before you feel it for yourself. Your prescriber will help you track what is happening with your symptoms over time by asking a set of fairly standardized questions (or having you complete a questionnaire) at your appointments. I’m Feeling Better and I’d Like to Come off My Medicationâ€"Can I Stop Taking It? The answer to this frequently asked question is: it depends. In all cases, it is recommended that you speak with your physician about if and how to safely stop taking a psychotropic medication. Some medications may simply be discontinued while others should be tapered over time prior to stopping altogether. As part of this discussion, you will also be asked to identify warning signs of a lapse that would require another course of medication treatment. In some cases, continued use of the medication will be the way to continue to feel better. This is especially true for the symptoms targeted by antipsychotics and mood stabilizers, and may be the case as well for individuals with longstanding depression or anxiety that is well managed by an antidepressant. If you have worries about remaining on a psychotropic medication in the long-term, an open dialogue with your prescriber may help address (and alleviate) your particular concerns. Can I Become Addicted to a Psychotropic Medication? The majority of medications used to treat anxiety disorders, mood disorders, or psychotic conditions do not carry a high risk for abuse. A notable exception to this is medication in the benzodiazepine family (e.g., Ativan, Xanax, Klonopin). These drugs, which are known to be potentially habit-forming, can be an effective part of a treatment program for anxiety when used strictly on an as-needed basis, for short periods of time, and as prescribed by your doctor. If you are taking more than the recommended dose, or are using these drugs more often than recommended, it is essential to talk to your prescriber about your pattern of use. There may be alternative medicationsâ€"or other strategiesâ€"to try.

A Pediatrician Is A Doctor Who Specializes - 2370 Words

Pediatrician Elle McCormick November 9, 2014 A pediatrician is a doctor who specializes in treating children. They help with treating children’s mental, physical, and emotional problems. Pediatrician’s help with the overall well-being of the children they care for. They get health histories, do physical examinations, order and interpret diagnostic test, diagnose conditions, prescribe medications, give health instructions, give referrals, and help ill and injured children. They take preventative measures for children that have good health, give medical care for sick children, and help with physical, mental, and emotional problems in children. Pediatricians care for children ages zero to twenty-one. They help to reduce child-infant†¦show more content†¦If the patient is over age four, they might be able to tell you some information. Parents may need to provide their signs and symptoms, although, they may not be reliable. It just depends on their relationship with their child. In the medical history, the following things need to be included: major medical illnesses, surgeries and their complications, broken bones, large cuts, fractures, hospitaliz ation history, medication, allergies, immunizations, and the mother’s health during pregnancy, breastfeeding or bottle, when the child ate solid food, overview of their systems functions, cancer, diseases, and heart attack history in the family. sicknesses. The health of the mother during pregnancy would include: if the mother smoke or drank; if they had bleeding or sickness; the term of the pregnancy; how labor went. Pediatricians must also perform physicals. They need to get lots of data by observing. They should notice where the child is sitting. Pediatricians should be at eye level with the child. Physicals should be performed from the least to most scary things. A pediatrician should try to develop a good relationship with the child; they should tell the child what they’re doing. A child should also be told if something will hurt. Vitals are taken during an exam. They record temperature, heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure, weight, and height. They observe their hydration, consciousness, and

Childrens Behavior Is Worst Today Than Ten Years Ago

Behavior is an action or reaction to the environment or to internal thoughts and emotions. Behavioral symptoms are persistent or repetitive behaviors that are unusual, disruptive, inappropriate, or cause problems. Aggression, attitude, criminal behavior, defiance, drug use, hostility, inappropriate sexual behavior, inattention, secrecy, and self-harm is examples of behavioral symptoms. When you are asked about someone’s behavior you think of etiquette, culture, form, manners, mores, proprieties; ps and q’s; amenity, civility, courtesy, politeness; attitude, carriage, poise, pose, posture, presence; aspect, look, mien; formality, protocol, rules; custom, habit, pattern, practise, trick, wont; convention, fashion, form, mode, style;†¦show more content†¦Causes in behavior stem from bullying, discipline, and mental health problems and illness. As a parent, of three children it can be hard to know if your child misbehaves at school. If you hear that your child is acting out, whether its a comment written in his or her agenda or a report card or something mentioned to you in a parent-teacher conference, how do you know if it is a one-time problem or a constant behavioral issue? I recall in 1999 the month of April. The United States had its first crisis in a school setting. Many children are bringing guns, knives, and even bombs to school. Why? Do they hate their teachers that badly? Is someone bullying them? Why are these things happening in the schools? A school is a place where children can go to be educated. I feel that since God has been taken out of the equation, trouble has found its way into our schools across the country. Child’s behavior is worse today than it was ten years ago. Adults influence children by stating their expectations for desired behavior and helping children understand that there are boundaries, or limits, on behavior. Authoritative caregivers understand the importance of proper boundaries in relationships in general, and appropriate limits in an adult-child relationship in particular. They figure out and clearly communicate limits that will be most helpful in encouraging children to behaveShow MoreRelatedThe Outbreak Of The Measles1659 Words   |  7 Pagesmeasles in the United States has sparked controversy in the autism world today. Contrary to previous theories, the measles vaccination is not a leading component to the cause of this disease. One in sixty-eight children in the United States are entering this world with Autistic Spectrum Disorder today, a thirty percent increase from the one in eighty eight percent two years ago. This disease is unquestionably one of the worst and most confusing disabilities out there. 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The Stupidest Angel Chapter 4 Free Essays

Chapter 4 HAVE YOURSELF A NASTY LITTLE CHRISTMAS Josh wiped the tears off his face, took a deep breath, and headed up the walk to his house. He was still shaking from having seen Santa take a shovel in the throat, but now it occurred to him that it might not be enough to get him out of trouble. The first thing his mom would say was, Well, what were you doing out so late anyway? And dumb Brian, who was not Josh’s real dad but Mom’s dumb boyfriend, would say, â€Å"Yeah, Santa would probably still be alive if you hadn’t stayed so long at Sam’s house. We will write a custom essay sample on The Stupidest Angel Chapter 4 or any similar topic only for you Order Now † So, there on the front step, he decided to go with total hysteria. He started breathing hard, pumping up some tears, got a good whimpering sob going, then opened the door with a dieseling back sniffle. He fell onto the welcome mat and let loose with a full fire-truck-siren wail. And nothing happened. No one said a word. No one came running. So Josh crawled into the living room, trailing a nice fiber-optic string of drool from his lower lip to the carpet as he chanted a mucusy â€Å"Momma,† knowing that it would completely disarm her temper and get her all fired up to protect him from dumb Brian, for whom he had no magic manipulation chant. But nobody called him, nobody came running, dumb Brian was not sprawled across the couch like the great sleepy slug that he was. Josh wound it down. â€Å"Mom?† Just the hint of a sob there, ready to go full bore again when she answered. He went into the kitchen, where the memo light was blinking on Mom’s machine. Josh wiped his nose on his sleeve and hit the button. â€Å"Hi, Joshy,† his mom said, her cheerful overtired voice. â€Å"Brian and I had to go out to eat with some buyers. There’s a Stouffer’s mac and cheese in the freezer. We should be home before eight. Do your homework. Call my cell if you get scared.† Josh couldn’t believe the luck. He checked the clock on the microwave. Only seven-thirty. Excellent! Latch-keyed loose like a magic elf. Yes! Dumb Brian had come through with a business dinner. He grabbed the Stouffer’s out of the freezer, popped it – box and all – into the microwave, and hit the preset time. You didn’t really have to peel the plastic back like they said. If you just nuke it in the box, the cardboard will keep it from exploding all over the microwave when the plastic goes. Josh didn’t know why they didn’t just put that in the instructions. He went back into the living room, turned on the TV, and plopped down on the floor in front of it to wait for the microwave to beep. Maybe he should call Sam, he thought. Tell him about Santa. But Sam didn’t believe in Santa. He said that Santa was just something the goys made up to make them feel better about not having a menorah. That was crap, of course. Goys (a Jewish word for girls and boys, Sam had explained) didn’t want a menorah. They wanted toys. Sam was just saying that because he was mad because instead of Christmas they had snipped the tip of his penis off and said mazel tov. â€Å"Wow, sucks to be you,† said Josh. â€Å"We’re the Chosen,† said Sam. â€Å"Not for kickball† â€Å"Shut up.† â€Å"No, you shut up.† â€Å"No, you shut up.† Sam was Josh’s best friend and they understood each other, but would Sam know what to do about a murder? Especially a murder of an important person? You were supposed to go to an adult in these situations, Josh was pretty sure of it. Fire, an injured friend, a bad touch, you were supposed to tell an adult, a parent, a teacher, or a policeman, and no one would be mad at you. (But if you found your mom’s boyfriend lighting a giant chili-dog-and-beer fart in the garage workshop, the police absolutely did not want to know about it. Josh had learned that lesson the hard way.) A commercial came on, and Josh’s mac and cheese was still surfing the microwaves, so he debated calling 911 or praying, and decided to go with the prayer. Like calling 911, you weren’t supposed to pray for just anything. For instance, God did not care whether or not you got your bandicoot through the fire level on PlayStation, and if you asked for help there, there was a good chance that he would ignore you when you really needed help, like for a spelling test or if your mom got cancer. Josh reckoned it was sort of like cell-phone minutes, but this seemed like a real emergency. â€Å"Our Heavenly Father,† Josh began. You never used God’s first name – that was like a commandment or something. â€Å"This is Josh Barker, six-seventy-one Worchester Street, Pine Cove, California nine-three-seven, five-four. I saw Santa tonight, which was great, and thank you for that, but then, right after I saw him, he got killed with a shovel, and so, I’m afraid that there’s not going to be any Christmas and I’ve been good, which I’m sure you’ll see if you check Santa’s list, so if you don’t mind could you please make Santa come back to life and make everything okay for Christmas?† No, no, no, that sounded really selfish. Quickly he added: â€Å"And a Happy Hanukkah to you and all the Jewish people like Sam and his family. Mazel tov.† There. Perfect. He felt a lot better. The microwave beeped and Josh ran to the kitchen, right into the legs of a really tall man in a long black coat who was standing by the counter. Josh screamed and the man took him by the arms, picked him up, and looked him over like he was a gemstone or a really tasty dessert. Josh kicked and squirmed, but the blond man held him fast. â€Å"You’re a child,† said the blond man. Josh stopped kicking for a second and looked into the impossibly blue eyes of the stranger, who was now studying him in much the same way a bear might examine a portable television while wondering how to get all those tasty little people out of it. â€Å"Well, duh,† said Josh. The Christmas tree took a wide left onto Cypress Street. Finding that somewhat suspicious, Constable Theophilus Crowe pulled in behind it as he dug the little blue light out of the glove compartment of his Volvo and stuck it on the roof. Theo was relatively sure that there was a vehicle under the Christmas tree somewhere, but all he could see right now were the taillights shining through the branches in the back. As he followed the tree up Cypress, past the burger stand and Brine’s Bait, Tackle, and Fine Wines, a pinecone the size of a Nerf football broke loose and rolled off to the side of the street, bouncing and thumping into one of the gas pumps. Theo hit the siren one time, just a chirp, thinking he’d better stop this before someone got hurt. There was no way that the driver under the Christmas tree could see the road clearly. The tree was driving trunk first, so the widest, thickest branches were covering the front of the vehicle. The tree’s tires chirped with a downshift. It killed the lights and screeched around the corner on Worchester Street, leaving a trail of rolling pinecones and pine-fresh exhaust. Under normal circumstances, if a suspect tried to elude Theo, he would have called it into the county sheriff’s immediately, hoping a deputy in the area might provide backup, but he’d be damned if he was going to call in that he was in hot pursuit of a fugitive Christmas tree. Theo turned the siren onto full shriek and took off up the hill after the fleeing conifer, thinking for the fiftieth time that day that life had seemed a lot easier when he’d smoked pot. â€Å"Boy, you don’t see that every day,† said Tucker Case, who was sitting at a window table at H.P.’s Caf, waiting for Lena to come back from freshening up in the rest-room. H.P.’s – a mix of pseudo Tudor and Country Kitchen Cute – was Pine Cove’s most popular restaurant, and tonight it was completely packed. The waitress, a pretty redhead in her forties, glanced up from the tray of drinks she was delivering and said, â€Å"Yeah, Theo hardly ever chases anyone.† â€Å"That Volvo was chasing a pine tree,† Tuck said. â€Å"Could be,† said the waitress. â€Å"Theo used to do a lot of drugs.† â€Å"No, really – † Tuck tried to explain, but she had headed back to the kitchen. Lena was returning to the table. She was still in the black tank top under an open flannel shirt, but she had washed the streaks of mud from her face and her dark hair was brushed out around her shoulders. To Tuck she looked like the sexy but tough Indian guide chick in the movies, who always leads the group of nerdy businessmen into the wilderness where they are assaulted by vicious rednecks, bears gone mutant from exposure to phosphate laundry detergent, or ancient Indian spirits with a grudge. â€Å"You look great,† Tuck said. â€Å"Are you Native American?† â€Å"What was the siren about?† Lena asked, sliding into the seat across from him. â€Å"Nothing. A traffic thing.† â€Å"This is just so wrong.† She looked around, as if everyone knew how wrong it was. â€Å"Wrong.† â€Å"No, it’s good,† Tuck said with a big smile, trying to make his blue eyes twinkle in the candlelight, but forgetting where exactly his twinkle muscles were located. â€Å"We’ll have a nice meal, get to know each other a little.† She leaned over the table and whispered harshly, â€Å"There’s a dead man out there. A man I used to be married to.† â€Å"Shh, shh, shh,† Tuck shushed, gently placing a finger against her lip, trying to sound comforting and maybe a little European. â€Å"Now is not the time to talk of this, my sweet.† She grabbed his finger and bent it back. â€Å"I don’t know what to do.† Tuck was twisted in his seat, leaning back to relieve the unnatural angle in which his finger was pointing. â€Å"Appetizer?† he suggested. â€Å"Salad?† Lena let go of his finger and covered her face with her hands. â€Å"I can’t do this.† â€Å"What? It’s just dinner,† said Tuck. â€Å"No pressure.† He had never really dated much – gone on dates, that is. He’d met and seduced a lot of women, but it was never over a series of evenings with dinner and conversation – usually just some drinks and vulgarity at an airport hotel lounge had done the trick. He felt it was time he behaved like a grown-up – get to know a woman before he slept with her. His therapist had suggested it right before she’d stopped treating him, right after he’d hit on her. It wasn’t going to be easy. In his experience things went a lot better with women before they got to know him, when they could still project hope and potential on him. â€Å"We just buried my ex-husband,† Lena said. â€Å"Sure, sure, but then we delivered Christmas trees to the poor. A little perspective, huh? A lot of people have buried their spouses.† â€Å"Not personally. With the shovel they killed him with.† â€Å"You may want to keep it down a little.† Tuck checked the diners at the nearby tables to see if they were listening, but they all seemed to be discussing the pine tree that had just driven by. â€Å"Let’s talk about something else. Interests? Hobbies? Movies?† Lena tossed her head as if she didn’t hear him right, then stared as if to say, Are you nuts? â€Å"Well, for instance,† he pressed on, â€Å"I rented the strangest movie last night. Did you know that Babes in Toyland was a Christmas movie?† â€Å"Of course, what did you think it was?† â€Å"Well, I thought, well – now it’s your turn. What’s your favorite movie?† Lena leaned close to Tuck and searched his eyes to see if he might be joking. Tuck batted his eyelashes, trying to look innocent. â€Å"Who are you?† Lena finally asked. â€Å"I told you.† â€Å"But, what’s wrong with you? You shouldn’t be so – so calm, while I’m a nervous wreck. Have you done this kind of thing before?† â€Å"Sure. Are you kidding? I’m a pilot, I’ve eaten in restaurants all over the world.† â€Å"Not dinner, you idiot! I know you’ve had dinner before! What, are you retarded?† â€Å"Okay, now everybody is looking. You can’t just say ‘retarded’ in public like that – people take offense because, you know, many of them are. You’re supposed to say ‘developmentally disabled. â€Å" Lena stood up and threw her napkin on the table. â€Å"Tucker, thank you for helping me, but I can’t do this. I’m going to go talk to the police.† She turned and stormed through the restaurant toward the door. â€Å"We’ll be back,† Tuck called to the waitress. He nodded to the nearby tables. â€Å"Sorry. She’s a little high-strung. She didn’t mean to say ‘retarded. † Then he went after Lena, snatching his leather jacket off the back of his chair as he went. He caught up with her as she was rounding the corner of the building into the parking lot. He caught her by the shoulder and spun her around, making sure that she saw that he was smiling when she completed the turn. Blinking Christmas lights played red and green highlights across her dark hair, making the scowl she was aiming at him seem festive. â€Å"Leave me alone, Tucker. I’m going to the police. I’ll just explain that it was just an accident.† â€Å"No. I won’t let you. You can’t.† â€Å"Why can’t I?† â€Å"Because I’m your alibi.† â€Å"If I turn myself in, I won’t need an alibi.† â€Å"I know.† â€Å"Well?† â€Å"I want to spend Christmas with you.† Lena softened, her eyes going wide, the swell of a tear watering up in one eye. â€Å"Really?† â€Å"Really.† Tuck was more than a little uncomfortable with his own honesty – he was standing like someone had just poured hot coffee in his lap and he was trying to keep the front of his pants from touching him. Lena held out her arms and Tuck walked into them, guiding her hands inside his jacket and around his ribs. He rested his cheek against her hair and took a deep breath, enjoying the smell of her shampoo and the residual pine scent picked up from handling the Christmas trees. She didn’t smell like a murderer – she smelled like a woman. â€Å"Okay,† she whispered. â€Å"I don’t know who you are, Tucker Case, but I think I’d like to spend Christmas with you, too.† She buried her face in his chest and held him until there was a thump against his back, followed by a loud scratching noise on his jacket. She pushed him back just as the fruit bat peeked his little doggie face over the pilot’s shoulder and barked. Lena leaped back and screamed like a bunny in a blender. â€Å"What in the hell is that?† she asked, backing across the parking lot. â€Å"Roberto,† Tuck said. â€Å"I mentioned him before.† â€Å"This is too weird. Too weird.† Lena began to chant and pace in a circle, glancing up at Tuck and his bat every couple of seconds. She paused. â€Å"He’s wearing sunglasses.† â€Å"Yeah, and don’t think it’s easy finding Ray-Bans in a fruit-bat medium.† Meanwhile, up at the Santa Rosa Chapel, Constable Theophilus Crowe had finally caught up to the fugitive Christmas tree. He trained the headlights of the Volvo on the suspect evergreen and stood behind the car door for cover. If he’d had a public-address system he would have used it to issue commands, but since the county had never given him one, he shouted. â€Å"Get out of the vehicle, hands first, and turn and face me!† If he’d had a weapon he would have drawn it, but he’d left his Glock on the top shelf of his closet next to Molly’s old nicked-up broadsword. He realized that the car door was actually only providing cover to the lower third of his body, and he reached down and rolled up the window. Then, feeling awkward, he slammed the door and loped toward the Christmas tree. â€Å"Goddammit, come out of the tree. Right now!† He heard a car window whiz down and then a voice. â€Å"Oh my, Officer, you are so forceful.† A familiar voice. Somewhere under there was a Honda CRV – and the woman he had married. â€Å"Molly?† He should have known. Even when she stayed on her meds, as she had promised she would, she could still be â€Å"artistic.† Her term. The branches of the big pine tree shuffled and out stepped his wife, wearing a green Santa hat, jeans, red sneakers, and a jean jacket with studs down the sleeves. Her hair was tied back in a ponytail that trailed down her back. She might have been a biker elf. She rushed out of the branches as if she were ducking the blades of a helicopter, then ran to his side. â€Å"Look at this magnificent son of a bitch!† She gestured to the tree, put her arm around his waist, pulled him close, humped his leg a little. â€Å"Isn’t it great?† â€Å"It certainly is – uh, large. How’d you get it on the car? â€Å"Took some time. I hoisted it up on some ropes, then drove under it. Do you think there’ll be a flat spot where it dragged on the road?† Theo looked the tree up and down, back and forth, watched the car exhaust boiling out of the branches. He wasn’t sure he wanted to know, but he had to ask. â€Å"You didn’t buy this at the hardware store, did you?† â€Å"No, there was a problem with that. But I saved a ton of money. Cut it myself. Completely totaled my broadsword, but look at this son of a bitch. Look at this glorious bastard!† â€Å"You cut it down with your sword?† Theo wasn’t so worried about what she had cut it down with, but from where she’d cut it. He had a secret in the forest near their cabin. â€Å"Yeah. We don’t have a chain saw that I don’t know about, do we?† â€Å"No.† Actually they did, in the garage, hidden behind some paint cans. He’d hidden it when her  «artistic » moments had been more frequent. â€Å"That’s not the problem, sweetie. I think the problem is that it’s too big.† â€Å"No,† she said, walking the length of the tree now, pausing to jump through the branches and turn off the Honda’s engine. â€Å"That’s where you’re wrong. Observe, double doors into the chapel.† Theo observed. The chapel did, indeed, have double doors. There was a single mercury lamp illuminating the gravel parking lot, but he could clearly see the little white chapel, the shadows of gravestones showing dimly behind it – a graveyard where they’d been planting Pine Covers for a hundred years. â€Å"And the ceiling in the main room is thirty feet tall at the peak. This tree is only twenty-nine feet tall. We pull it through the doors backward and stand that baby up. I’ll need your help, but, you know, you don’t mind.† â€Å"I don’t?† Molly pulled open her jean jacket and flashed Theo, exposing his favorite breasts, right down to the shiny scar that ran across the top of the right one, cocked up like a curious purple eyebrow. It was like unexpectedly running into two tender friends, both a little pale from being out of the sun, a tad humbled by time, but with alert pink noses upturned by the night chill. And as quickly as they appeared, the jacket was pulled shut and Theo felt like he’d been shut out in the cold. â€Å"Okay, I don’t mind,† he said, trying to buy time for the blood to return to his brain. â€Å"How do you know the ceiling is thirty feet tall?† â€Å"From our wedding pictures. I cut you out and used you to measure the whole building. It was just under five Theos tall.† â€Å"You cut up our wedding pictures?† â€Å"Not the good ones. Come on, help me get the tree off the car.† She turned quickly and her jacket fanned out behind her. â€Å"Molly, I wish you wouldn’t go out like that.† â€Å"You mean like this?† She turned, lapels in hand. And there they were again, his pink-nosed friends. â€Å"Let’s get the tree set up and then do it in the graveyard, okay?† She jumped a little for emphasis and Theo nodded, following the recoil. He suspected that he was being manipulated, enslaved by his own sexual weakness, but he couldn’t quite figure out why that was a bad thing. After all, he was among friends. â€Å"Sweetheart, I’m a peace officer, I can’t –  » â€Å"Come on, it will be nasty.† She said nasty like it meant delicious, which is what she meant. â€Å"Molly, after five years together, I’m not sure we’re supposed to be nasty.† But even as he said it, Theo was moving toward the big evergreen, looking for the ropes that secured it to the Honda. Over in the graveyard, the dead, who had been listening all along, began to murmur anxiously about the new Christmas tree and the impending sex show. They’d heard it all, the dead: crying children, wailing widows, confessions, condemnations, questions that they could never answer; Halloween dares, raving drunks-invoking the ghosts or just apologizing for drawing breath; would-be witches, chanting at indifferent spirits, tourists rubbing the old tombstones with paper and charcoal like curious dogs scratching at the grave to get in. Funerals, confirmations, communions, weddings, square dances, heart attacks, junior-high hand jobs, wakes gone awry, vandalism, Handel’s Messiah, a birth, a murder, eighty-three Passion plays, eighty-five Christmas pageants, a dozen brides barking over tombstones like taffeta sea lions as the best man gave it to them dog style, and now and again, couples who needed something dark and smelling of damp earth to give their sex life a jolt: the dead had heard it. â€Å"Oh yeah, oh yeah, oh yeah!† Molly cried from her seat astraddle the town constable, who was squirming on an uncomfortable bed of plastic roses a few feet above a dead schoolteacher. â€Å"They always think they’re the first ones. Ooooo, let’s do it in the graveyard,† said Bess Leander, whose husband had served her foxglove tea with her last breakfast. â€Å"I know, there are three used condoms on my grave from this week alone,† said Arthur Tannbeau, citrus farmer, deceased five years. â€Å"How can you tell?† They heard everything, but their vision was limited. â€Å"The smell.† â€Å"That’s disgusting,† said Esther, the schoolteacher. It’s hard to shock the dead. Esther was feigning disgust. â€Å"What’s all the racket? I was sleeping.† Malcolm Cowley, antique book dealer, myocardial infarction over Dickens. â€Å"Theo Crowe, the constable, and his crazy wife doing it on Esther’s grave,† said Arthur. â€Å"I’ll bet she’s off her meds.† â€Å"Five years they’ve been married and they’re still at this kind of thing?† Since her death, Bess had taken a strong antirelationship stance. â€Å"Postmarital sex is so pedestrian.† Malcolm again, ever bored with provincial, small-town death. â€Å"Some postmortem sex, that’s what I could use,† said the late Marty in the Morning, KGOB radio’s top DJ with a bullet – a pioneer carjack victim back when hair bands ruled the airwaves. â€Å"A rave in the grave, if you get my meaning.† â€Å"Listen to her. I’d like to slip the bone to her,† said Jimmy Antalvo, who’d kissed a pole on his Kawasaki to remain ever nineteen. â€Å"Which one?† Marty cackled. â€Å"The new Christmas tree sounds lovely,† said Esther. â€Å"I do hope they sing ‘Good King Wenceslas’ this year.† â€Å"If they do,† spouted the moldy book dealer, â€Å"you’ll find me justly spinning in my grave.† â€Å"You wish,† said Jimmy Antalvo. â€Å"Hell, I wish.† The dead did not spin in their graves, they did not move – nor could they speak, except to one another, voices without air. What they did was sleep, awakening to listen, to chat a bit, then, eventually, to never wake again. Sometimes it took twenty years, sometimes as long as forty before they took the big sleep, but no one could remember hearing a voice from longer ago than that. Six feet above them, Molly punctuated her last few convulsive climactic bucks with, â€Å"I – AM – SO – GOING – TO – WASH – YOUR – VOLVO – WHEN – WE – GET – HOME! YES! YES! YES!† Then she sighed and fell forward to nuzzle Theo’s chest as she caught her breath. â€Å"I don’t know what that means,† Theo said. â€Å"It means I’m going to wash your car for you.† â€Å"Oh, it’s not a euphemism, like, wash the old Volvo. Wink, wink, nudge, nudge?† â€Å"Nope. It’s your reward.† Now that they were finished, Theo was having a hard time ignoring the plastic flowers that were impressed in his bare backside. â€Å"I thought this was my reward.† He gestured to her bare thighs on either side of him, the divots her knees had made in the dirt, her hair played out across his chest. Molly pushed up and looked down at him. â€Å"No, this was your reward for helping me with the Christmas tree. Washing your car is your reward for this.† â€Å"Oh,† Theo said. â€Å"I love you.† â€Å"Oh, I think I’m going to be sick,† said a newly dead voice from across the woods. â€Å"Who’s the new guy?† asked Marty in the Morning. The radio on Theo’s belt, which was down around his knees, crackled. â€Å"Pine Cove Constable, come in. Theo?† Theo did an awkward sit-up and grabbed the radio. â€Å"Go ahead, Dispatch.† â€Å"Theo, we have a two-oh-seven-A at six-seven-one Worchester Street. The victim is alone and the suspect may still be in the area. I’ve dispatched two units, but they’re twenty minutes out.† â€Å"I can be there in five minutes,† Theo said. â€Å"Suspect is a white male, over six feet, long blond hair, wearing a long black raincoat or overcoat.† â€Å"Roger, Dispatch. I’m on my way.† Theo was trying to pull his pants up with one hand while working the radio with the other. Molly was on her feet already, naked from the waist down, holding her jeans and sneakers rolled up under her left arm. She extended a hand to help Theo up. â€Å"What’s a two-oh-seven?† â€Å"Not sure,† said Theo, letting her lever him to his feet. â€Å"Either an attempted kidnapping or a possum with a handgun.† â€Å"You have plastic flowers stuck to your butt.† â€Å"Probably the former, she didn’t say anything about shots fired.† â€Å"No, leave them. They’re cute.† How to cite The Stupidest Angel Chapter 4, Essay examples

Religions Spread Through Conquest Essays (2402 words) - Culture

Religions Spread Through Conquest When studying history, both in a professional and academic sense, we try to make connections between civilizations and time periods. Historians have attempted to discover universal constants of human nature, a bond that forms from continent to continent, human being to human being. Is there a constant quality that all peoples posses, and is reflected in all civilizations? Indeed, it is extremely difficult to make generalizations about centuries of modern history. To say that something is true of all of history is virtually impossible, as a counter-example exists for just about anything that can be said of any group of civilizations. To say that all religions are spread by violence is equally unfair and untrue - because contrasted religions has been spread in exceedingly diverse regions of the world, by vastly different cultures. Islam, as a prime example, has been characterized inequitably by historians and the media as a religion of violence. To put it bluntly, as this article does, "Islam was mainly spread through Arab territorial conquests (Sudo, 4)." However, upon examination, it is not fair to make the generalization that Islam is a religion of violence, and one notices when looking at world religion on a whole, one finds that Islam was no more violent than any other religion. In fact, not only is Islam not a fundamentally violent philosophy, but we can also see that many other religions normally considered "non-violent," such as Christianity or Hinduism, have been spread through bloody conquest. Thus, in searching for a universal constant of history, we ought not fall into the "fallacy of abstractions," as Sydney J. Harris keenly puts it, and assume that because of isolated incidents and conflicts of territorial ambitions, that all religions have violent tendencies. Islam has, throughout the centuries, been somewhat a victim of circumstance - indeed it has been perceived by many as oppressive and cruel. This belief originated over a thousand years ago, when Islamic peoples first threatened the western world. As they slowly undermined Byzantine authority, Christians became terrified of their presence, resulting in widespread animosity and aversion. Hindus and Buddhists of the South Asian subcontinent lived under Islamic law for hundreds of years (Ahmad, et. al., 186), and eventually, in the twentieth century, split the region into angry factions (Ahmad, et. al., 207). Mohammed, the prophet of Islam, was a great warrior. This invariably lead defeated peoples to believe that he begot a cult of war and violence. Over the centuries, it also has developed the ability to instill a sense of holy purpose onto its believers and soldiers, where they go into a battle of certain death for their faith in the jihad, or holy war. Even today, the jihad is still a potent source of conflict and aversion, as the many of the problems in the Middle East center around the issue of Islamic Fundamentalism and the jihads. Originally, Islam was perceived by western historians as a religion of violence and conquest; "by preying on the caravans of the Quraish, [Mohammed] weakened them to the point of submission (Mohammed and Islam, 1)." In fact, Mohammed was a warrior, aristocrat, and brilliant strategist - a stark contrast to many other holy men of history. He was forced to both defend his cities and force submission, as the passage had shown, because of the strong military powers of his religious predecessors and oppressors, the pagans of the Middle East. Islam means "submission" according to the Islam discussion in class - and one might assume that the submission was attained through military and forceful means. In fact, while Mohammed preached peace from 610 to 622 AD, he attracted few converts and was persecuted by the current ruling paganistic regime. After the visions of 622 AD, he realized that his cause was even more urgent than before, and only at that point did he begin to utilize his military skills (Class Discussion). However, despite the more violent nature that his quest took, even after the revelations by Gabriel in 622 AD, "by reciting his revelations aloud, Mohammed made many converts, (Mohammed and Islam,1)." Mohammed was not a purely violent man, but also a great speaker and demagogue (Mueller, 2). He did